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Home / World

Covid-19 coronavirus: America First meets global pandemic, testing Trump's worldview

By Michael Tackett, Jonathan Lemire
Other·
29 Apr, 2020 08:42 PM6 mins to read

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People wait in line for food assistance due to the coronavirus pandemic in Paterson, New Jersey. Photo / AP

People wait in line for food assistance due to the coronavirus pandemic in Paterson, New Jersey. Photo / AP

When terrorists struck the United States on September 11, Nicholas Burns was the United States ambassador to Nato, and one memory still stands out: how swiftly America's allies invoked Article Five of the organisation's charter, that an attack on one member was an attack on all.

It was a kinship among nations nurtured over decades and a muscular display of collective defence that has defined much of the post World War II era.

It is also a worldview that Burns finds starkly at odds with US President Donald Trump's "America First" foreign policy as Nato's members and other countries suffer from the deadly weight of the coronavirus pandemic.

America First has been a ready applause line for Trump, but now it is also an approach being put to a life-or-death test, with much of the world still looking to the US for leadership and assistance.

White House planners have been instructed to look into potential travel for Trump in the near future, sources say https://t.co/dPfVcyX3xO pic.twitter.com/DB0HpwCDzc

— CNN Breaking News (@cnnbrk) April 29, 2020
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Burns, a Harvard professor and a former top US diplomat who served Republican and Democratic presidents, said it was "entirely reasonable and rational" to focus inward "in the first weeks of the crisis in March. The President's job is to protect the people of the United States."

He added: "Having said that, I think it is abundantly clear that we cannot succeed in fighting the pandemic and confront the global economic collapse if we are not cooperating globally."

Burns, an informal adviser to former Vice-President Joe Biden, said: "The America First attitude is a very fixed set of beliefs about the world and our role in it. He thinks that alliances and partnerships weaken us and slow us down. He's not an isolationist. He's a unilateralist. That has not worked well the last three years."

“The coronavirus not only co-opts our cells, but exploits our cognitive biases. Humans construct stories to wrangle meaning from uncertainty and purpose from chaos. We crave simple narratives, but the pandemic offers none,” @edyong209 writes. https://t.co/SAmJUW5SVE

— The Atlantic (@TheAtlantic) April 29, 2020

Trump's guiding foreign policy mixed with his "I alone can fix it" ethos has made him an unpredictable partner for America's allies, who continue to struggle with how to manage the President and fortify strategic ties with the US.

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During the pandemic, Trump has been accused by allies like Germany and Canada of disrupting shipments of medical supplies, saying that the US needed them first. But he has also offered to provide ventilators to other nations, both among allies and foes.

"President Trump has done a masterful job in the face of an unprecedented crises – safeguarding the health and well-being of the American people by ensuring our citizens have what they need first – then providing assistance to allies through an historic coordination of international efforts," Hogan Gidley, the deputy White House press secretary, said in a statement.

Coronavirus: The last places on Earth which have no reported COVID-19 cases https://t.co/P74TR2uwFD

— SkyNews (@SkyNews) April 29, 2020

For much of his presidency, though, Trump has been alliance averse.

He has withdrawn from the Iran nuclear deal and Paris climate treaty while threatening to do the same for Nato. And he has rattled some of America's longest allies with aggressive rhetoric on trade deals and military alliances alike.

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He has favoured authoritarian leaders like President Vladimir Putin of Russia, Xi Jinping of China and Kim Jong Un of North Korea over those like German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Emmanuel Macron.

Now China has also moved to fill a gap in humanitarian aid in the form of supplies. Trump has become more bellicose toward China, saying that the country withheld critical information about the coronavirus outbreak and would pay an unspecified later price for it.

It's almost like a plea from the Pentagon to cut its budget, especially the units that conduct theatrical military operations for PR. https://t.co/yfECtZK7tr

— Ben Friedman (@BH_Friedman) April 28, 2020

"This pandemic crisis shows the inherent limits to the 'America First' foreign policy," said Richard Haass, another top diplomat in both Bush administrations and president of the Council on Foreign Relations.

"Sovereignty is not a guarantee of security. Borders aren't impermeable; oceans aren't moats. We were vulnerable to an infection that began in Wuhan, and it proves that globalisation is a reality rather than a choice."

Had Trump truly implemented America First, he said, the nation would have been better prepared.

"A true American First national security policy would have had in place more testing, ventilators, PPE. It would have been more self-reliant. This moment shows that America First is more of a slogan than a reality."

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Sergio Moro’s resignation is the biggest political blow to Jair Bolsonaro since he became president at the beginning of 2019 https://t.co/s34hmzsvXx

— The Economist (@TheEconomist) April 29, 2020

Steve Bannon, a former senior adviser to Trump, said that America First does not mean America alone.

"It means prioritising national interest and that strong allies matters. You don't turn your back on them. America doesn't need to abandon a leadership position. It needs to be a global leader, the global leader. But you prioritise what you need."

Bannon said the crisis also underscored the lack of US capacity to manufacture medical equipment and pharmaceuticals, businesses that have located primarily in China and India because of lower production costs.

"This pandemic underscores that public health is a national security issue," he said, adding, "A new nationalism is going to be coming out of this: a stronger America, a more focused America."

After nearly 75 years of marriage, covid-19 claimed them days apart. https://t.co/9RSHhrxb2r

— The Washington Post (@washingtonpost) April 29, 2020

The notion of America First flourished during World War I and was promoted by Republicans and Democrats alike until World War II.

After World War II, when the US emerged as a superpower, the country took on an expansionist view of how spreading American ideals and building alliances could ensure peace and the US standing in the world.

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The grandest show of influence was the Marshall Plan, when the US spent about US$800 billion in today's dollars to rebuild Western Europe after World War II, an investment that built alliances that endure today, even though some of them have grown fragile in the Trump era.

At one point in that call, Trump said he might sue Parscale, though one of the people with knowledge of the comments said he made the remark in jest.

Latest @jdawsey1 https://t.co/WDQ914n8Lj

— michaelscherer (@michaelscherer) April 29, 2020


"Broadly, the President has failed his Harry Truman moment," said Benn Steil, the author of the award-winning book The Marshall Plan: Dawn of the Cold War.

"He had the best opportunity he would ever have to show the world he could rally his nation and its allies around a pandemic response that would highlight the best features of democracy and capitalism – as the Marshall Plan did."

Instead, Steil said, he is "hearing shock and disappointment" from colleagues abroad.

"They have never seen a United States so dysfunctional that it cannot even protect its own citizens, let alone mitigate suffering abroad and rally cooperation among allies."

- AP

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