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Home / Travel

Munich’s beer heritage: Exploring Oktoberfest and historic breweries

Tamara Hinson
NZ Herald·
12 Sep, 2025 12:30 AM7 mins to read

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Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich

Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich

With Munich’s Oktoberfest beer festival coming up, Tamara Hinson heads to Munich, to try its famous Münchener Bier, which must be produced within the city limits and has been awarded Protected Geographical Indication status.

There aren’t many cities where my first port of call is the destination’s most famous brewery, but Munich has always been the exception. Yes, the city’s Hofbräuhaus is a magnet for tourists (especially when the brass brands start up), and yes, it can accommodate a staggering 3500 guests, but it’s locals and regulars, not tourists, who get the best perks here, such as the right to drink at a reserved table with the name of their group written on a plaque hanging overhead. And the most sought-after perk is a stein locker – the chance to store your personal beer stein in its very own padlocked cage at the rear of the main brewery hall. Currently, there’s a waiting list of five years, and the locker comes with a fee – the hefty sum of €3 ($5.88) a year. Many of the steins kept under lock and key are treasured heirlooms – Hofbräuhaus employee Tobias Ranzinger proudly shows me his stein, explaining that it dates to around 1900.

Proof of Munich’s love of beer isn’t just evident in its breweries or the annual Oktoberfest event. They’re everywhere. At my hotel, the Ruby Rosi Hotel Munich, there are beautiful steins on display in the reception area, and at the Bavarian National Museum, many of the exhibits relate to beer. These include ridiculously ornate silver beer tankards from the 1600s, some of which feature carved ivory sleeves depicting everything from cherubs to biblical scenes, and ceramic steins adorned with colourful Chinoiserie designs, painted in the 1700s when steins featuring Chinese pagodas and colourful birds of prey were especially popular with Bavaria’s elite.

 Steins in National Bavaria Museum. Photo / Tamara Hinson
Steins in National Bavaria Museum. Photo / Tamara Hinson

Bavarians’ love of beer also left its mark on the region in more surprising ways. Carl von Linde, an engineering professor at the Technological University Munich in Germany, invented the modern-day refrigerator in 1876, largely because the city’s growing number of brewers desperately needed a more reliable form of refrigeration. Much of the development was funded by breweries. Prior to von Linde’s invention, less reliable gas absorption refrigeration systems were available, but most breweries relied on methods still in evidence today – chestnut trees. There’s a reason most Bavarian beer gardens are filled with this species of tree, and it relates to their supersized, flat leaves. Beer gardens usually sprung up above the cellars, and the shade provided by Bavaria’s leafy chestnut trees not only helped cool the ground but provided sanctuary for summertime imbibers enjoying their liquid refreshment. Sip a stein in Hofbräuhaus’s huge beer garden, filled with chestnut trees which have grown here for hundreds of years and which can accommodate 1000 people, and it’s easy to forget you’re in the centre of Munich, rather than a leafy Bavarian forest.

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In the nearby Viktualienmarkt, a huge open-air market and beer garden where beers from the city’s largest breweries are served in rotation, you’ll see a towering flagpole (or Maibaum, in German). In Bavaria, the act of raising the maypole has always had connections with spring, community, and tradition – and beer, of course. They’re traditionally adorned with brewing-related images, and the one in Viktualienmarkt features the logos of the city’s oldest breweries alongside various carved silhouettes including a stein-clutching monk – much of Munich’s beer was once brewed in monasteries, and it’s a reference to the Munich Purity Law of 1487, which stipulated that beer could only be brewed using barley, hops and water.

 Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich
Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich

A new beer culture tour launched by the city is designed to shine a spotlight not only on the earliest chapters of Munich’s brewing history, but on its most recent developments. For example, during a tour, our guide takes us to a small, recently opened Stehausschank (meaning “standing bar”) near Viktualienmarkt. It’s tiny, with no seating, and run by a relatively new craft brewery which wanted to offer a nod to the good old days, when locals would stop by similarly tiny watering holes for a quick beer and a chat with other imbibers, before going about their day.

I ask my guide if these new craft distilleries will ever serve their beer at Oktoberfest, and he laughs, explaining that the one behind the Stehausschank we’re currently drinking in probably produces less beer in an entire year than the bigger breweries, such as Augustiner, Paulaner and Hofbrau, serve during one week at Oktoberfest.

 Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich
Hofbrauhaus Munich. Photo / Hofbrauhaus Munich

You don’t have to venture far from Munich to see why it became a centre of brewing. A 30-minute train ride takes me to Rohrbach, a village in the heart of the Hallertau, the world’s largest hop-producing region. I opt to explore a small section of it by bike, pedalling along a tiny chunk of the 170km Hallertauer Hopfentour, a hop-themed hiking and cycling route lined with information panels relaying fascinating facts about everything from hop farming to the history of the region, where hops were first grown in 768 AD. I cycle along a section which weaves through fields where trailing hop plants snake down elaborate trellises, built so that the plants’ tendrils can snake skywards, soaking up the precious sunlight.

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 Hallertau hop train. Photo / Tamara Hinson
Hallertau hop train. Photo / Tamara Hinson

A fun fact? The hop plants must be tied around the trellises in a clockwise direction, otherwise they simply won’t grow – although nobody knows why. I also learn that while 95% of the Hallertau’s hops are used for beer, the remaining 5% are used in beauty products (hops, apparently, have soothing qualities) and in food, because of their strong taste – proof of which is the fact that only 100g are needed to produce 100 litres of beer.

 Hofbrauhaus beer garden. Photo / Tamara Hinson
Hofbrauhaus beer garden. Photo / Tamara Hinson

I discover the latter fact during a visit to the German Hops Museum in the pretty village of Wolnzach, which has the obligatory maypole at its centre. Other exhibits inside the museum, where I can pose for a selfie inside the world’s biggest hop, include early examples of hop-picking machinery (it was only in 1955 when the first machine, a clanking contraption imported from the UK, meant hop-picking no longer had to be done by hand). My favourite spot is the wall of beer – hundreds of beer bottles from brands which rely on Hallertau hops. They range from Steinlager to Sam Adams, and it’s a reminder of the global demand for the Hallertau’s most valuable export.

 Hop museum. Photo / Tamara Hinson
Hop museum. Photo / Tamara Hinson

In the gift shop, I find displays of hop-infused shampoo alongside soaps, bath salts and liquors made from the Hallertau’s hops. There are perforated boxes which allow me to smell the different types of hops, and a glass box containing tiny seeds, found during an archaeological excavation of a nearby Viking-era site, which hint at the length of Bavaria’s love affair with brewing.

 Steins in gift shop. Photo / Tamara Hinson
Steins in gift shop. Photo / Tamara Hinson

Back in Munich, I head to Augustiner Keller, a forested city centre beer garden which can accommodate 5000 people and which dates back to 1812. It’s so large that a fleet of tiny trucks does constant loops of the garden, collecting empty steins, and there’s even a large playground where children can climb a miniature Bavarian castle. Although I can’t help but wonder how many kids have accidentally been left behind by parents who’ve over-indulged...

The writer was a guest of the Ruby Rosi Hotel Munich.

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