Many Austrians are opposed to their government's financial and moral backing for the bailouts of Greece and other economically struggling eurozone countries during the protracted crisis that has gripped some of the 17 nations using the European Union's common currency.
With unemployment at 4.8 percent and an economy that has generally grown over the past five years, Austria has been among the countries least affected by the eurozone's woes.
But in a country traditionally fearful of outside influences bursting its bubble of prosperity, Freedom Party calls of "Austria first" appeared to have been effective, along with slogans exploiting distrust of Muslim immigrants.
Some 6.4 million people, from the age of 16, were eligible to vote, with about 10 percent choosing to vote by mail. Nearly 66 percent of eligible voters cast ballots on Sunday well down from five years ago.
Expectations were that the Socialists and People's Party would renew their coalition. Chancellor Werner Faymann of the Socialist Party had insisted before the elections that he would not seek to govern with the Freedom Party, a promise he repeated Sunday.
Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger, who heads the People's Party, suggested he was open to negotiations with all parties.
But his dislike of Freedom Party leader Heinz-Christian Strache and the Freedom Party's anti-EU sentiment is common knowledge. His coyness on whether to renew the coalition with the Socialists may be due to a desire to negotiate with them from a position of strength for ministerial posts.