Like many small towns around the world, Cumnock in southeast Australia has gone through a long period of population decline and fading fortunes. It was once a key railway stopover in the state of New South Wales, but the closure of the train station and opening of a new highway
Growing number of towns around the world offering homes to newcomers for almost free
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The small rural town of Cumnock in NSW offered farmhouses to rent for $1 a week. Photo / Getty Images

More than a decade after Cumnock launched its experiment, the concept has been picked up by more than a dozen other towns across Australia and around the world. Italy's hilltop town of Sambuca made headlines this week when it announced it was selling homes for less than $2, in an effort to halt its population decline as more young residents move to bigger cities where they are pursuing degrees and have better chances of finding employment. The campaign may sound similar to close observers of the Italian real estate market: In 2014, the Sicilian town of Gangi launched a similar scheme, offering 20 properties for less than $2. In both Italian towns, like in Australia's Cumnock, applicants had to commit to renovating the homes.
For young urban families, Cumnock's initiative may be more attractive now than a few years ago. Researchers in Europe and Australia have observed that while more people are moving from rural areas to cities, there's also a growing number of people who now find cities so unaffordable that they are forced to move back into suburbs or smaller towns.
That could be great news for the Cumnocks, Gangis and Sambucas of the world. The more unaffordable bigger cities become, the more attractive life in smaller towns might appear.
The urban flight of Nicole Lewis's family and others who have since joined her in Cumnock certainly won't stop the world's growing urbanisation, with the proportion of the world's population living in cities expected to increase from the current 54 per cent to 66 per cent in 2050. In fact, these families' arrival in Cumnock couldn't even prevent the recent closure of the local pub and hotel. But it might be able to offer these shrinking towns, which are tapping into the right mood at the right time, a much-needed lifeline and boost in confidence.

"The hope is that the $1 program will bring younger people back into town," said Lewis, who said Cumnock had recently seen a resurgence in community groups targeting families and younger residents. While some families in the area are struggling through a drought that has lasted for more than a year now, Lewis is optimistic about her own family's future in Cumnock. "The kids love it," she said. After several years in the military, her husband has found work as a correctional officer in a nearby town, while she is pursuing a degree in nursing.
In the local bowling alley that now also serves as the town pub, there was widespread agreement that Lewis and other newcomers should be welcomed with open arms - at least if they really commit to life in rural Australia.
"Overall, I'd say it's been successful. It highlights that rural areas' lifestyle is actually better than in Sydney, and more affordable," Phil King said as he sat at the bar and drank a beer.
His friend Scott Reynolds agreed that the $1 program has been a boost for Cumnock: "It's put the place on the map a bit."