"That's what this place is about, the ups and downs that you have just in one day, it's crazy," said Dixon. His hands were shaking following his first run earlier Sunday.
Fellow Kiwi Scott McLaughlin will start in 26th.
Ganassi advanced all five of his drivers into the two-round qualifying shootout to determine the starting order for the first three rows for next week's race. Seven-time NASCAR champion Jimmie Johnson needed a massive save in the first turn of his first lap and didn't advance out of the round of 12.
But Dixon did, along with his other three Honda-powered teammates. That made it Dixon, reigning IndyCar champion Alex Palou, Marcus Ericsson and Tony Kanaan in a head-to-head "Fast Six" shootout against Chevrolet-powered teammates Ed Carpenter and Rinus VeeKay.
"This is what real competitors want, true competitors want this," Ganassi said before the session. "This is a moment made for champions."
VeeKay on Sunday had posted the third-fastest qualifying run in track history but didn't have enough for Dixon's big, big laps. Palou, who averaged 233.499, qualified second alongside his teammate and VeeKay was third at 233.385.
Carpenter was fourth and followed by Ericsson and Kanaan, who at 232.372 was the slowest of the final six shootout. But even the slowest cars were flying around Indy, which hasn't seen speeds like these since 1996.
Kanaan's lap would have been the eighth-fastest qualifying run in the record books written before the drivers rewrote history this weekend.