Veteran batsman Samuels injured a finger while inexperienced seamer Joseph is out with a back problem.
Hetmyer, 20, showed promise with some dashing batting during the Test series and could be poised to make his ODI debut.
Batsman Walton and left-arm pace bowler Chadwick have played just eight and two ODIs respectively.
Samuels will be replaced in the T20 squad by the uncapped Shai Hope, who was in the Test and ODI squads.
Narine's place in the T20 squad goes to fellow-offspinner Ashley Nurse, who was already in the ODI group.
West Indies ODI squad: Jason Holder (capt), Jason Mohammed, Ronsford Beaton, Sheldon Cotterell, Chris Gayle, Shimron Hetmyer, Kyle Hope, Shai Hope, Evin Lewis, Nikita Miller, Ashley Nurse, Rovman Powell, Shannon Gabriel, Chadwick Walton, Kesrick Williams.
West Indies T20 squad: Carlos Brathwaite (capt), Samuel Badree, Ronsford Beaton, Rayad Emrit, Andre Fletcher, Chris Gayle, Shai Hope, Jason Mohammed, Ashley Nurse, Kieron Pollard, Rovman Powell, Jerome Taylor, Chadwick Walton, Kesrick Williams.