Areas are marked incolours corresponding to five different levels of wealth, ranging from "least deprived" to "most deprived".
The ratings are based on 2006 census data, using income, home ownership, family support, employment, qualifications and transport to measure deprivation.
Ministry deputy director-general, health and disability systems strategy Deborah Roche said the atlas updated two editions released in 2000 and 2004, and was based on Statistics New Zealand's index of socioeconomic deprivation.
The index was used to monitor inequalities across a range of health indicators, including hospitalisations and mortality.
It was also widely used to assess DHB funding.
In research, the index was a tool to determine the relationship between socioeconomic status and health outcomes.
Tobacco smoking, for example, was known to be strongly related to deprivation, Ms Roche said.
Research has also shown a correlation between incidence rates of cervical cancer and socioeconomic deprivation.
The atlas was available on the ministry's website.
Ms Roche said the ministry was committed to reducing health inequalities and the atlas would assist with this.