Declines in shares of DuPont, Walt Disney and 3M led the Dow lower. US Treasuries gained, pushing the yields on the 10-year bond 3 basis points lower to 2.76 per cent.
All eyes are Friday's Labor Department report which is expected to show that American employers hired 181,000 workers in November.
"The market is still trying to find equilibrium before the employment data," Adrian Miller, director of fixed-income strategies at GMP Securities in New York, told Bloomberg News. "It's a market that's trying to position itself ahead of that number."
Equity gains for 2013 remain robust, with the Dow having rising 24 per cent and the S&P 500 having jumped 28 per cent.
Taking the edge off that rally are indications that US holiday sales are proving disappointing.
"The market is telling us sales volumes and margins are becoming more of a concern," Tim Ghriskey, chief investment officer at Solaris Group in Bedford Hills, New York, told Bloomberg News. "The holiday season may be more disappointing than investors previously thought, especially in the US and particularly for boutique-type retailers."
Discounts helped propel American car sales in November. General Motors and Chrysler estimated the industry's US sales of November at a seasonally adjusted annualised rate surpassed 16 million vehicles. That was better than analysts had expected.
"It's pretty clear that the industry was super aggressive," Jonathan Browning, chief executive of Volkswagen of America, told Reuters.
In Europe, the Stoxx 600 Index dropped 1.5 per cent. The UK's FTSE 100 dropped 1 per cent, while Germany's DAX sank1.9 per cent.
France's CAC 40 plunged 2.7 per cent after Credit Suisse downgraded its recommendation on French equities.
Not helping sentiment either was a report showing euro-zone producer prices fell 0.5 per cent for the month and posted the fastest annual rate of decline in nearly four years.
Investors will eye a meeting of European Central Bank policy makers on December 5, gathering for the first time since their surprise interest rate cut last month.