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Home / Travel / News

Climate change threatens to destroy 50 Unesco World Heritage sites by 2050, climate experts report

By Mauriz Coronel
NZ Herald·
26 Aug, 2024 05:00 PM6 mins to read

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The Sydney Opera House is one of the 50 Unesco World Heritage sites facing high-risk due to climate change. Photo / 123rf

The Sydney Opera House is one of the 50 Unesco World Heritage sites facing high-risk due to climate change. Photo / 123rf

Unesco World Heritage sites are some of the most populated tourist spots in the world. From our very own Tongariro National Park, Te Wahipounamu, and the Subantarctic Islands to the world-famous ones like The Great Pyramids of Giza, The Colosseum, the Taj Mahal, and The Great Barrier Reef – the world is full of wonders waiting to be explored.

However, a team of researchers from climate risk intelligence company Climate X has revealed a troubling forecast that could see up to 50 Unesco World Heritage sites wiped out or destroyed due to climate change.

Read more: Unesco grants 42 new sites World Heritage status

Using their climate risk data tool, Spectra, the study modelled how climate change will impact these sites under various scenarios, including flooding, coastal erosion, landslides and severe storms.

The platform’s algorithms assessed the risks that properties, assets and infrastructure can face from 16 different extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, cyclones, and flooding, across eight different warming scenarios over a century.

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Following their analysis, they outlined the sites that will be at greatest risk should global greenhouse gas emissions keep rising at their current level.

Climate X Reveals UNESCO Sites Vulnerable to Climate-Related Damage🔴🌍@ClimateXLtd’s latest data reveals that four UK @UNESCO sites, including The Forth Bridge and St Kilda, are among the most at-risk globally due to climate hazards like flooding and coastal erosion.

Other… pic.twitter.com/PJXtFfWF3F

— SpaceWatch.Global (@SpaceWatchGL) August 23, 2024

Lukky Ahmed, chief executive and co-founder of Climate X has shared this data in a bid to encourage governments, preservationists and communities to take action as early as possible to preserve the world heritage sites: “The potential impact of climate change on these sites is profound. But it’s not just our past heritage that’s at risk – it’s our present, too.”

“We need to prioritise safeguarding our planet to protect our ancient monuments and current infrastructure, ensuring the safety of both our heritage and our future,” Ahmed added.

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Ahmed reminds world leaders to step up and protect the world’s greatest treasures from the gravest cause of extinction: climate change.

“While the loss of these cultural treasures - many of which have endured for millennia - would of course be devastating, it’s also vital to remember the real societal and economic impact of climate change is happening in the here and now,” the climate advocate noted.

Though it might not affect your travel goals right now, studies like this show how climate change is set to rob the future generation of the opportunity to see these wondrous sites and learn rich world history.

Indonesia’s historic irrigation network, the Subak System, tops the list with a high risk of surface flooding, extreme heat and drought.

Australia’s Kakadu National Park follows closely at second, which could be endangered by flooding and wildfires. The Sydney Opera House is included in the list too, as it faces coastal flood and storm surge risks.

The top 50 Unesco World Heritage sites at highest risk

1. The Cultural Landscape of the Bali Province: The Subak System, Indonesia

Surface flood, extreme heat days, and drought risks.

The Jatiluwih Rice Terrace is a Unesco World Heritage site that still uses the ancient Subak traditional irrigation system in Bali, Indonesia. Photo / Getty Images
The Jatiluwih Rice Terrace is a Unesco World Heritage site that still uses the ancient Subak traditional irrigation system in Bali, Indonesia. Photo / Getty Images

2. Kakadu National Park, Australia

Surface flood and wildfire risks.

Landscape of the Kakadu National Park. Photo / Getty Images
Landscape of the Kakadu National Park. Photo / Getty Images

3. Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan, China

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Drought risk.

Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan, China. Photo / Unesco
Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan, China. Photo / Unesco

4. Engelsberg Ironworks, Sweden

Surface flood and river flood risks.

Engelsberg Ironworks in Sweden. Photo / Unesco
Engelsberg Ironworks in Sweden. Photo / Unesco

5. Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Sri Lanka

Surface flood and extreme heat risks.

Path in the Sinharaja rainforest in Sri Lanka. Photo / 123rf
Path in the Sinharaja rainforest in Sri Lanka. Photo / 123rf

6. Decorated Cave of Pont d’Arc, known as Grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc, Ardèche, France

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Surface flood and landslide risks.

7. West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou, China

Surface flood and drought risks.

8. Fujian Tulou, China

Surface flood and extreme heat days risks.

9. Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto, Indonesia

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Surface flood, extreme heat days and drought risks.

10. Himeji-jo, Japan

Surface flood risk.

11. Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch, Switzerland

River flood risk.

12. Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen, Germany

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River flood risk.

13. Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site, Norway

Surface flood risk.

14. Khangchendzonga National Park, India

Surface flood risk.

15. Sun Temple, Konârak, India

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Surface flood and drought risks.

16. Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro, Pakistan

River flood, and drought risks.

17. Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay, France

Danger surface flood risk.

18. Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal mining, Japan

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Tropical cyclone and storm surge risks.

19. Keoladeo National Park, India

Surface flood and drought risks.

20. Srebarna Nature Reserve, Bulgaria

River flood risks.

21. Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area, China

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Surface flood and drought risks.

22. Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar, Germany

River flood, surface flood, and storm risks.

23. Sydney Opera House, Australia

Coastal flood and storm surge risks.

24. Studley Royal Park including the Ruins of Fountains Abbey, England

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Storm risks.

25. Olympic National Park, US

River flood, surface flood, and landslide risks.

26. Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, China

River flood, and drought risks.

27. Danube Delta, Romania

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River flood risk.

28. Komodo National Park, Indonesia

Surface flood, extreme heat days, and drought risks.

29. South China Karst, China

River flood, surface flood, and drought risks.

30. Tr’ondëk-Klondike, Canada.

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River flood, and surface flood risks

31. Bryggen, Norway.

Coastal flood, and drought risks.

32. Provins, Town of Medieval Fairs, France

River flood risk.

33. Doñana National Park, Spain

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River flood, surface flood, coastal flood, and drought risks

34. Red Bay Basque Whaling Station, Canada

Coastal flood risk.

35. Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui, China – Xidi and Hongcun

Surface flood risk.

36. Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty, South Korea

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Surface flood risk.

37. Sundarbans National Park, India

Surface flood, and drought risks.

38. Ha Long Bay – Cat Ba Archipelago, Vietnam

Coastal floods, tropical cyclones, extreme heat days, droughts, storm surges and landslide risks.

39. Everglades National Park, US

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Coastal floods, tropical cyclones, extreme heat days, droughts, and storm-surge risks.

40. West Norwegian Fjords, Norway – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord

Coastal flood risk.

41. Archaeological ruins of Liangzhu City, China

River flood and drought risks.

42. Yin Xu, China

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River floods, surface floods, and drought risks.

43. Vizcaya Bridge, Spain

Coastal flood risk.

44. New Lanark, Scotland

Landslide risk.

45. St Kilda, Scotland

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Coastal flood risk.

46. Jongmyo Shrine, South Korea

Surface floods and drought risks.

47. Churches and Convents of Goa, India

Surface floods and drought risks

48. The Forth Bridge, Scotland

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Coastal flood risk.

49. Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, China

River floods, surface floods, and drought risks.

50. Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries, South Korea

River floods, and surface flood risks.

climate-x.com

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