The right-armer then trapped Ryan ten Doeschate and Scott Edwards LBW in his next two balls to become the first Irishman to take a hat-trick in international cricket.
But Campher wasn't done there, lastly dismissing Roelof van der Merwe with a full delivery that was edged back onto the stumps.
"Curtis Campher what are you delivering? Are they cannonballs or cricket balls?" Indian broadcaster Harsha Bhogle said in commentary.
The wickets of Ackermann and Edwards came after successful DRS reviews from Irish skipper Andy Balbirnie.
The Netherlands were suddenly 6/52 and Campher had career-best bowling figures of 4/13 to his name.
He became just the second cricketer to take a hat-trick in a Men's T20 World Cup, joining Australian speedster Brett Lee.
Before Monday, Campher had only taken three wickets in his T20 international career. He made his international debut in 2020, and has since represented Ireland in 10 ODIs and four T20s.
The Netherlands were eventually bowled out for 106 at Abu Dhabi's Zayed Cricket Stadium, setting Ireland a modest 107-rub target for victory.
Dutch opener Max O'Dowd top-scored with 51, while skipper Pieter Seelaar contributed a crucial 21.
Incredibly, the Dutch innings featured five golden ducks, the first instance of it happening in over 15,000 T20 matches.
