Fowler's bogey-free round featured eight birdies and couldn't be matched by the rest of the field, not even world No 2 Scott.
The 33-year-old started steadily before making three birdies in a row at the sixth, seventh and eighth to begin his charge.
A putt for eagle on the 12th just stopped short of the hole while a birdie attempt on the 16th slid narrowly to the left.
In the end Scott finished with six birdies and bogey-free for the day.
Fowler, a Californian motorsports enthusiast best known for his gaudy, day-glo clothing and backward baseball caps, says Scott's rise is exactly the direction he wants to take with his game.
His breakthrough win at the Wells Fargo Championship on the 2012 US PGA Tour remains the highlight of Fowler's young career but it's at the majors where he's aiming for more success.
"That's something I'd like to work on, to get more consistent," Fowler said.
"That's been a challenge of mine that I've worked on in the last few years, ever since I turned pro.
"Definitely a goal of mine going forward is trying to take my game to the next level and be as consistent as I can be to get myself ready to go and contend at majors and be in the position that Adam Scott's been in the last year.
"This would be a great start here to get things going in the right direction."
As the tournament's big two made strong starts, it was Gold Coaster Ballard and Victorian veteran McKenzie who were the surprises of the day. Both men bogeyed the final hole of their opening rounds to end six-under but will enjoy sitting among the top two-ranked players in the tournament.
- AAP