What happens if someone arrives in New Zealand from China during coronavirus entry restrictions

Focus Live: Infectious diseases expert Dr Siouxsie Wiles answers your questions about coronavirus transmission, risk in NZ, masks and what you can do to prevent infection.

Immigration New Zealand has to stump up for return airfares for anyone refused entry amid strict new coronavirus travel restrictions if they hold a valid visa.

And the agency has confirmed that some foreign travellers who have transited through mainland China may be granted entry to New Zealand in "exceptional circumstances" - despite mounting international infection rates.

The death toll from coronavirus in China has now risen to 426 — exceeding the fatalities from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars).

During the Sars outbreak of 2002-03, there were 349 deaths in mainland China and it eventually killed nearly 800 people globally.

Since the coronavirus was detected in Wuhan, it had spread to more than 20 countries, with several nations implementing tough travel rules with China.

On Sunday, the New Zealand Government announced it would block travellers who had been through mainland China from entering the country.

The ban took effect yesterdayand could be in place for up to 14 days but would be reviewed every 48 hours.

In a statement, INZ general manager Catriona Robinson said there may be some foreign individuals who had left or transited through mainland China that had exceptional circumstances who may be granted entry permission into New Zealand.

This would be determined on a "case by case basis".

Robinson did not reveal how many people had been denied entry since the restrictions came into force.

"If an individual arrives in New Zealand from mainland China and is refused entry, the airline who has brought the passenger to New Zealand will be liable to remove the passenger back to their port of origin."

Asked who would pay if a passenger was denied entry, Robinson said it depended on their visa status.

"If the passenger who has been refused entry holds a visa, Immigration New Zealand is responsible for covering the cost of removing them back to their port of origin. If the passenger does not hold a visa, the airline is responsible for covering the cost."

New Zealand citizens, permanent residents, residents with valid travel conditions and their immediate family are all exempt from the new travel restrictions.

Australian citizens and permanent residents were able to enter if their primary place of residence was New Zealand, Immigration New Zealand said.

All individuals arriving in New Zealand who have been in mainland China in the last 14 days are required to self-isolate according to the Ministry of Health guidelines.

Foreign travellers in transit to New Zealand on February 2 would be subjected to enhanced screening but pending clearance, granted entry.

Virus Spread

On entry, travellers were expected to remainin self-isolation for up to 14 days, Customs said in a statement.

Following the restriction, Customs closed its eGates at New Zealand airports and all incoming passengers are now being manually processed.

The closure of eGates also includes New Zealand citizens, permanent residents and their families, with passengers urged to be patient.

People queue up to buy face masks in Hong Kong. Photo / AP

In the statement, Customs said there would be operational impacts and it was looking at how to best support its staff and minimise disruption for travellers.

An illustration of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Photo / AP

Customs was constantly reviewing and complying with advice from the Ministry of Health amid the outbreak.

If frontline staff were working within close proximity of a passenger, going to be dealing with a passenger for longer than 15 minutes of if the passenger had come from mainland China, they were required to wear a mask and gloves.

"There are a range of protective hygiene and infection control processes, of which wearing masks is only one," Customs said.

"We have provided all staff with advice on the appropriate use of face masks and other personal protective equipment (such as gloves and hand sanitiser) as well as standard infection control principles."