Doherty, 48, this week revealed her breast cancer had returned, saying her diagnosis was going to become public this week as part of the lawsuit.
"I'd rather people hear it from me. I don't want it to be twisted. I don't want it to be a court document," she said in an interview on Good Morning America.
"I want it to be real and authentic. I want to control the narrative. I want people to know from me."
In the new filing, State Farm claims Doherty's house only had smoke damage and not any fire or structural damage.
The insurance company said it's already paid $US1 million ($A1.48 million) for remediation, professional cleaning and for the actress to rent a temporary home.
Doherty's lawyer, Devin McRae, told the New York Post it was "appalling" that State Farm would claim Doherty only revealed her health condition to garner sympathy.