Trailing nearly a thousand places below him with US$2.9b is Singapore-based Richard Chandler, with interests in Indian business finance, Vietnamese healthcare, and an Israeli electric plane maker.
The highest profile Kiwi billionaire is film-maker Sir Peter Jackson, ranked 2124, with an estimated $1.5b, started with box office takings from the Hobbit and Lord of the Rings trilogies, and topped up with the $1.6b sale of Weta Digital to US interests in 2021.
A new entrant to the rich list is Australian-based Charles Gibbon, ranked 2601, with $1.1b.
Educated in the South Island, Gibbon worked in the UK and Australia in investment banking, but his $1.1b worth came from an investment in Australian software firm, Wise Tech, which he chaired and has remained a director.