However, incomes on the West Coast had grown to the point where they now rivalled those in Auckland and Wellington, and incomes in Taranaki and Waikato were also higher than average thanks to their mining, oil and gas, and dairy industries respectively.
"In each of these regions, the application of technology and capital to their natural resource endowments has yielded high returns because of export earnings."
Northland, Gisborne and the Eastern Bay of Plenty were the regions struggling most, Joyce said.
The way forward for those regions came down to a couple things: "Definitely the skills and lifting up the educational levels of some of the young people in those regions, and also taking advantage of the opportunities so whether its natural resources or a range of other things.
"We do have people in Northland and people on the East Coast who say we should take a whole lot of things off the table in terms of resources for example ... then they turn around and say by the way we're not very happy with people moving off to work in Western Australia.
"The point of this report is to point out the obvious aspect of that, which is if you don't allow opportunities to happen in your region, then that will happen over time."
Joyce said future Treaty settlements could provide an economic base for development in Northland where there were opportunities in the primary sector which would be enhanced by water management reform and improved transport infrastructure.