"They killed infants, children, women and the elderly," resident Ahmed Kasim said. The Amhara Association of America said the dead include a 100-year-old and a 1-month-old baby, and some people were killed in a mosque where they had tried to hide.
Residents and Oromia regional officials have blamed the Oromo Liberation Army, an armed group that Ethiopia's government has declared a terrorist organisation. An OLA spokesman denied it, alleging that federal troops and regional militia attacked the villagers for their perceived support of the OLA as they retreated from an OLA offensive.
Again, Ethiopians are left wondering why the federal government failed to protect them from the violent side of the country's ethnic tensions — and why ethnic minorities in a federal system based on identity are left so vulnerable.
Teddy Afro, Ethiopia's much-celebrated pop star, released two songs this week highlighting the crisis that has worsened in the past four years and dedicating his songs to civilians who have lost their lives.
"It's never an option to keep quiet when a mountain of death comes in front of me," one of his lyrics says.
On Friday, thousands of students at Gondar University in the neighbouring Amhara region protested the killings and demanded justice.
Ethiopia's Prime Minister, Abiy Ahmed, has said security forces have launched a military operation against the OLA, but many Ethiopians appear sceptical after seeing the deadly cycle play out in the past.
The president of the Oromia region, Shimelis Abdisa, on Thursday acknowledged it would be difficult to arrange security in every location, but said the current operation "will cripple the enemy's ability to move from place to place".
Ethnic Amhara is Ethiopia's second-largest ethnic group but have found themselves under attack in some areas where they are in the minority. Several dozen were killed in attacks in the Benishangul Gumuz and Oromia regions over the past three years.
"Ethnic Amharas who live outside of their region do not have legal and political representation, which results in no protection," said Muluken Tesfaw, a community activist who tracks abuses against the Amhara. "There were even speeches by Oromia region government officials that seek to reduce Amharic-speaking people."
"An anti-Amhara narrative has been spreading for over 50 years now," said Belete Molla, chairman of the opposition NaMA party. "The Amhara living in Oromia and Benishangul are hence being targeted." He also accused some members of the Oromia region's ruling party of "working for or sympathising with the Oromo Liberation Army."
The latest mass killings brought international alarm. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, has urged Ethiopian authorities to hold "prompt, impartial and through" investigations. The US State Department called on Ethiopians to "reject violence and pursue peace".
Ethiopia continues to struggle with ethnic tensions in several parts of the country and a deadly conflict in the northern Tigray region that has severely affected the once rapidly growing economy, but the prime minister is adamant that better days are ahead.
"There is no doubt that Ethiopia is on the path of prosperity," he declared in a parliament address this month.
But Ethiopians who escaped the latest attack seek answers.
Nur Hussein said he and other Tole villagers had called nearby officials about the appearance of the armed men shortly before the violence exploded. "Their response was muted. They said there were no specific threats to respond to. But look at what unfolded," he said. "God willing, we will get past this, but it is a scar that will live with us forever."
