Comey testified for nearly six hours, in addition to the six-hour closed-door discussion he had with panel members earlier this month.
During that session, he defended his decisions as FBI Director - such as superseding then Attorney-General Loretta Lynch to declare the Clinton probe closed and then informing congressional leaders days before the 2016 election that it had been reopened.
Comey reiterated that defence even more strongly today, flatly refusing to take any personal responsibility for the reputation of the FBI having suffered under his stewardship. He instead blamed Trump for "lying about the FBI, attacking the FBI and attacking the rule of law in this country," and the "silence from people in this building" - meaning Capitol Hill - for allowing him to do it.
"Republicans used to understand that the actions of a president matter, the words of a president matter, the rule of law matter and the truth matters. Where are those Republicans today?"
Republicans on the panel have been in open conflict with Comey about whether he was appropriately forthcoming with his answers, and whether his testimony contradicted former statements he has made.
According to a transcript of the first round of proceedings, Comey declined to answer several questions pertaining to the FBI's probe of Trump, arguing that the details he was being asked to provide were too closely tied to Special Counsel Robert Mueller's investigation of the Trump campaign's suspected ties to Russia.
Comey also declined to say whether Trump, in firing him last year, had attempted to obstruct justice, although an FBI lawyer present at the interview appeared to confirm that the Special Counsel was looking into such matters.
Republicans emerged from the first meeting frustrated by Comey's inability or refusal to answer certain questions, and today, intimated that Comey was steering clear of topics in similar fashion.
"He's been a consistent witness in the way that he answers questions," Congressman Mark Meadows, R, said outside the meeting room.
Meadows said there were inconsistencies between Comey's testimony behind closed doors and his previous public statements.
Democrats emerging from the session, and Comey himself, disputed this assessment. A transcript of the first session suggested that Comey's first closed-door testimony mirrored much of what he has said in public settings.
In between the two interviews with House panels, Comey said at an event in New York that if Trump were not president, he would be "in serious jeopardy of being charged" by New York prosecutors in a case concerning payments made to silence women who alleged affairs with him years ago.
Trump's longtime lawyer and fixer Michael Cohen was sentenced last week to three years in prison for those and other matters that US District Judge William Pauley called a "veritable smorgasbord of criminal conduct".
Comey is one of the last people the joint House panel is expected to question in the probe, which is expected to end - or drastically change in character - once Democrats take over the House majority next year. Democrats have accused the GOP of using the investigation to try to discredit the FBI and Justice Department, as a means of undermining Mueller's probe.
"They seem to be wanting to play defence counsel for the president," said Congressman Elijah Cummings, D, who is currently ranking member of the Oversight committee and is expected to serve as its chairman next year.
Oversight committee member Congressman William Lacy Clay, D, said the interview was "the last gasp of the Republican majority in this House, to paint this narrative to protect the Trump Administration and the Trump campaign."
"And they really don't have a leg to stand on," Clay added.
The joint panel is also expected to interview Lynch behind closed doors on Thursday. No other interviews have been announced.
