Police believe the small victim was a Caucasian girl aged two-and-a-half to four, three feet tall, with hair seven inches long, and that she was killed at another location some time after 2007. A black tutu was found with the body, along with a homemade quilt which was machine-stitched from a fabric reportedly manufactured in New York seven years ago.
The skeletal remains of the child were dumped in a suitcase - apparently about four months ago - near a highway in remote bushland about a mile from the small town of Wynarka, 80 miles from Adelaide. The bones were believed to have been subsequently tipped out of the suitcase and were spotted by a passing motorist on July 15.
Two women have told police they saw a man, aged in his 60s with a clean-cut appearance, walking near the highway with a dark-coloured suitcase between 7.30am and 8am about eight weeks ago.
Police have checked missing person records but have not yet been able to find a match and now believe the girl's disappearance was not reported.
"I thought when we started this job that we would quickly identify who this little girl was," said detective superintendent Des Bray.
"Somewhere out there is a mother, a father, at the very least an extended family that obviously lived near someone and I'm at a loss as to why someone hasn't reported this little girl."
Detective superintendent Bray said the girl appeared to have suffered a violent death: "We're certain of how the little girl met her death - why, who and what circumstances, it's just impossible to tell."