The activists from Greenpeace's Arctic Sunrise icebreaker are awaiting trial in prisons in Saint Petersburg, where they were moved from the far northern city of Murmansk.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel has already voiced concern over their case while British Prime Minister David Cameron last week urged Putin to treat the so called "Arctic 30" fairly.
Russia's Investigative Committee said last month it was softening the charges against the crew members, who come from 19 different countries (including Australian Colin Russell), from piracy to hooliganism, which carries a maximum sentence of seven years.
But Greenpeace says the piracy charge was never formally lifted.
Madonna has previously used Russian concert performances to speak out on politics.
At a concert in Moscow last year she called for the release of Pussy Riot band member who are now serving a two-year jail term for a protest against Putin.
She also gave fans pink ribbons at a concert in Saint Petersburg to express her opposition to controversial legislation banning "propaganda" of homosexuality to minors.
- AAP