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Israel, supported by the US, will cease contact with the UN’s Palestinian relief agency UNRWA.
Israel claims UNRWA sites were used by Hamas, prompting calls for an investigation.
UNRWA provides essential services in Gaza, but Israel insists other organisations can replace its role.
Signalling a shift in the US position on the agency by theadministration of President Donald Trump, a US envoy voiced support for the decision and called for a probe into Israeli claims UNRWA sites were used by Palestinian militant group Hamas.
UNRWA’s offices and staff in Israel play a major role in the provision of healthcare and education to Palestinians, including those living in Gaza, devastated by 15 months of war with Israel.
Fighting destroyed hospitals and sparked outbreaks of infectious disease, while hundreds of thousands of Gazans faced starvation conditions and have depended on food aid.
Displaced Palestinians receive emergency food parcels for families from the UNRWA centre in Khan Younis, after aid trucks entered through the Karem Abu Salem crossing in Rafah city, amid a ceasefire deal between Israel and Hamas. Photo / dpa via Getty Images
“The legislation concerning UNRWA activities in Israel will officially come into force in 48 hours on January 30... UNRWA must cease its operations and evacuate all premises it operates in Jerusalem,” the Israeli envoy, Danny Danon, told the UN Security Council.
“The legislation forbids UNRWA from operating within the sovereign territory of the State of Israel, and forbids any contact between Israeli officials and UNRWA.
“Israel remains committed to its commitments under international law.”
Israeli orders for UNRWA to leave its offices in East Jerusalem prompted a strongly worded response from UN chief Antonio Guterres who demanded Israel “retract it”.
His intervention sets up a possible showdown between authorities and UNRWA staff when the deadline expires Thursday.
‘Jeopardising’ peace
Israel claims that a dozen UNRWA employees were involved in the deadly October 7, 2023 assault, and insists that other organisations can pick up the slack to provide essential services, aid and reconstruction – something the UN disputes.
A series of probes, including one led by France’s former foreign minister Catherine Colonna, found some “neutrality related issues” at UNRWA – but stressed Israel had not provided evidence for its chief allegations.
The agency’s chief Philippe Lazzarini said UNRWA capacity “far exceeds that of any other entity”.
He called Israel’s actions against UNRWA a “relentless assault... harming the lives and future of Palestinians across the occupied Palestinian territory”.
But the United States threw its weight behind the move of its closest Middle East ally, accusing Lazzarini of overstating the impact of the decision.
“The United States supports the implementation of this decision,” said Dorothy Shea, a United States representative to the UN.
“UNRWA exaggerating the effects of the laws and suggesting that they will force (out) the entire humanitarian response is irresponsible and dangerous,” she said.
“UNRWA is not and never has been the only option.”
Under Trump’s predecessor, Joe Biden, Washington had supported UNRWA’s continuing its work – but withheld funding at the insistence of Congress.
On Israeli claims that Hamas used UNRWA sites, which in Gaza include schools, clinics and depots, to hold hostages, Shea said “it is vital for a full and independent investigation to assess these very serious allegations”.
The Palestinian ambassador to the UN, Riyad Mansour, said only UNRWA and the Palestinian Authority could help his people.
“Yet Israel is demanding that everyone forsake them and work around them, setting us all up for failure,” he said.
Hamas’ October 7 attack on Israel resulted in the deaths of 1210 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures.
During the attack, militants took into Gaza 251 hostages. Eighty-seven remain in the territory, including dozens Israel says are dead.
Israel’s retaliatory offensive has killed at least 47,317 people in Gaza, the majority civilians, according to figures from the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry that the UN considers reliable.
A ceasefire and hostage release deal between Israel and Hamas is now in place, intended to bring an end to the more than 15 months of war.
