Crews who responded to a call to the home at 5am Monday (12pm Monday NZDT) originally thought it was related to carbon monoxide poisoning, Amarillo fire Captain Larry Davis said in a statement.
Davis told the Amarillo Globe-News he wasn't sure how long the residents had been exposed to the phosphine gas before a visitor arrived on Monday and found everyone sick before calling 911.
Phosphine gas can cause respiratory failure and in severe cases can cause a pulmonary edema, which fills the lungs full of fluid, he said.
Davis said about 10 first responders from the police, fire and medical response departments were also taken to the hospital as a precautionary measure, but none had shown symptoms of illness.
NEW TONIGHT: Environmental Protection Agency contractors were at the home tonight involved in today's hazmat incident after neighbors became concerned. They tell us there is no danger of fumes affecting nearby homes.
Watch our full coverage from ABC 7 Nightside...
Posted by ABC 7 Amarillo on Monday, 2 January 2017
A GoFundMe page has been set up for the family following the tragic incident.
"The Balderas family is heartbroken today. They have lost four members of their family," Terry Rodriguez, the teacher of one of the deceased, wrote on the page.