The former governor and his wife, Maureen, were found guilty in September. She was convicted of eight counts and will be sentenced next month. McDonnell said he planned to appeal against the sentence. The six-week jury trial exposed details of the former first couple's strained marriage and shaky finances.
McDonnell and his wife were charged with receiving US$177,000 in loans and gifts from Jonnie Williams, a dietary supplement entrepreneur, in exchange for promoting his company's main product, the anti-inflammatory Anatabloc.
Sixty per cent of Virginia adults believed McDonnell should go to prison, according to a poll in October bythe University of Mary Washington's Centre for Leadership and Media Studies.
Trial prosecutors contended McDonnell and his wife conspired to use the governor's office to boost Williams' company, Star Scientific and Anatabloc.
Shortly after the hearing, McDonnell, who has a month to report to prison, thanked the judge for "the mercy he showed me today", but continued to deny any wrongdoing.
"I am a fallen human being. I have made mistakes in my life ... But I have never betrayed my sacred oath of office while I served the commonwealth."