The family that owns Germany's car manufacturer BMW has ended decades of silence about its role during the Nazi era and admitted to taking over scores of Jewish businesses and using tens of thousands of slave labourers at its factories during Adolf Hitler's Third Reich.
The disturbing revelations about theQuandt dynasty, which became a big BMW shareholder in 1960, are contained in an independent 1200-page study commissioned by the family in 2007 after its ruthless Nazi-era business practices were exposed in a German television documentary. BMW was not implicated in the report.
"The Quandts were linked inseparably with the crimes of the Nazis," Joachim Scholtyseck, the Bonn historian who compiled and researched the study, concludes at the end of his report published this week. "The family patriarch was part of the regime."
Scholtyseck established that Gunther Quandt and his son Herbert, who both headed the dynasty during the Third Reich, willingly collaborated with the Nazi regime by employing an estimated 50,000 forced labourers in its arms factories. An average of 80 slave labourers a month died at Quandt factories and many were executed.
The family was also found to have taken over scores of previously Jewish-owned businesses "Aryanised" by the Nazis.
Gabriele Quandt, Gunther Quandt's grandson, responded to the study's conclusion by admitting his family had been "wrong" in trying to avoid confronting the truth about its Nazi past for so long.
The study shows Gunther Quandt joined the Nazi Party in 1933, the same year Hitler became Reich Chancellor. Four years later, he was put in charge of the Nazis' so-called "armaments economy" supplying ammunition and military hardware from factories that used thousands of slave labourers from concentration camps. An execution area for disobedient slave workers was set up at at least one of the Quandt plants.
The Quandts commissioned the study just five days after the showing of a 2007 television documentary entitled The Silence of the Quandt Family, which contained extensive details about its collaboration with the Nazis.
Gunther Quandt was arrested and interned in 1946. But judges concluded he played no active part in committing the crimes of the Third Reich. He was released in 1948.
Prosecutors have argued that if today's evidence had been presented, Quandt would have been charged with committing war crimes or crimes against humanity. However, he joined the board of Deutsche Bank after the war and died on holiday in Egypt in 1954.
