Obama first moved to Chicago, where he met his wife Michelle, in 1985 and worked as a community organiser on the deprived South Side of the city before embarking on a political career as an Illinois state senator.
The Obamas still own a home in Chicago's Kenwood neighborhood, as well an $8 million ($12m) mansion in Washington D.C., which the family bought after Obama left office in January.
The 56-year-old isn't the first high-profile figure to be called up for jury duty in the state.
He will follow in the footsteps of Oprah Winfrey, who served on a murder trial in 2004, and actor Lawrence Tureaud, who played B. A. Baracus in the A-Team, and was called up in 2014 but not picked as a juror.
Evans said the example Obama was setting by honouring his public duty was "highly appreciated," adding "It's crucial that our society get the benefit of that kind of commitment."