Concorde was seen as a luxury offering between the 1970s and 1990s with tickets costing around £4350 (NZ$7608) one way from London to New York.
But falling passenger numbers and a fatal crash in 2000 ultimately led to its demise in 2003.
Boom chief executive and founder Blake Scholl said the Concorde was limited by technology at the time, something his company has overcome.
"Concorde's designers didn't have the technology for affordable supersonic travel, but now we do.
"Today, we're proud to unveil our first aircraft," Mr Scholl said.
Boom's airliner will offer a similarly premium experience to Concorde, with only one seat on each side of the aisle and flights at a higher altitude to cut out turbulence.
Boom estimates it would take just under seven hours to fly from Sydney to LA, including a refuelling stop, cutting the near 14-hour flight.
A flight from New York to London would cost US$2500 and take just over three hours, down from around an eight hour flight.
The first test flight of the prototype is scheduled for late 2017. It will be built into an airliner three times its size, with Virgin Galactic having the option to buy the first 10 plane bodies produced by the company.
"I have long been passionate about aerospace innovation and the development of high-speed commercial flights," Virgin Group founder Richard Branson said.
"As an innovator in the space, Virgin Galactic's decision to work with Boom was an easy one."
Further information: See boomsupersonic.com.