This year South Africa, as defending champions, cannot be classed as particularly vulnerable but Gatland has had Wales humming in last month's warm-up wins over England and Argentina. The Port Elizabeth test against the All Blacks is a sound template for Gatland, given it included the majority of a Springbok first XV that had been rested after Super Rugby. South Africa outscrummed a weakened New Zealand in that test. They were also terriers in the tackle, notably through Heinrich Brussow who helped win the turnover battle in the absence of Richie McCaw.
There was also plenty of aerial work for the back three. They were subjected to the relentless boot of first-five Morne Steyn who forced countless counter-attacks from within the All Blacks half. The coaching trio of Gatland, Rob Howley and Shaun Edwards will know countering those three factors is paramount.
Forward parity is the biggest question. At the scrum they will be without loosehead prop Gethin Jenkins (calf muscle strain) for this opening game and hooker Matthew Rees also injured. Lineouts could be a struggle, too, against Matfield and co while the loose forwards led by new captain, 22-year-old Sam Warburton, face a formidable foe at the breakdown. If those difficulties can somehow be countered, Wales look promising. Their backline consists of attacking talent like Mike Phillips, James Hook, Jamie Roberts, Shane Williams, Jonathan Davies, Leigh Halfpenny and Lee Byrne.
Provided the forwards live up to their name, South Africa present the perfect gauge as to whether the likes of Phillips, Roberts and Byrne still have penetrative power; whether Hook is the playmaker the public has seen previously and whether Williams and relative newcomer George North on the wings can create - or even finish - tries from broken play.
Welsh woes
* Lost: Samoa 16-13, pool play, Cardiff, 1991.
* Lost: Ireland 24-23, pool play, Johannesburg, 1995.
* Lost: Samoa 38-31, pool play, Cardiff, 1999.
* Lost: Despite leading New Zealand and England, 2003.
* Lost: Fiji, 38-34, pool play, Nantes, 2007.
* Overall results: 1987, third; 1991, pool; 1995, pool; 1999, quarter-final; 2003, quarter-final; 2007, pool.