Hooker Giorgi Chkoidze has been banned for six years, with Lasha Khmaladze, Otar Lashkhi and Miriani Modebadze receiving three-year suspensions, and Lasha Lomidze banned for nine months.
Nutsa Shamatava, a team doctor, was found to have provided advance notice of upcoming out-of-competition doping controls to players in group chats. She was banned for nine years.
The initial “operating hypothesis” was that the urine sample substitutions were conducted to conceal the use of performance-enhancing drugs but there was no evidence to support this.
World Rugby said: “In parallel, there was credible evidence to support the players’ assertions that the urine sample substitutions occurred to conceal the use of non-performance-enhancing substances [namely, cannabis and tramadol].”
Sharikadze ended his rugby career shortly after a 2023 World Cup where Georgia finished bottom of their pool, changing sports to become an MMA fighter.
The Georgia Rugby Union has also accepted a misconduct charge after several players and staff “wilfully failed to comply with their anti-doping obligations”.
The union has now agreed to a financial penalty as well as anti-doping reforms.
“Our extensive four-year investigation has helped identify subversion of the doping control process and sends a clear message that World Rugby takes all anti-doping matters extremely seriously and is an unwavering champion of clean sport,” said World Rugby chief executive Alan Gilpin.