But in a late twist, New South Wales forward Cameron Murray dived over with less than nine minutes on the clock to reignite the sell-out Sydney crowd and set up a thrilling finish.
The Blues were threatening to score again a couple of minutes later before a clutch steal from player of the match Cameron Munster saved the Maroons.
With less than 60 seconds remaining, New South Wales lock Isaah Yeo came inches from scoring under the posts for the equaliser, but the siren sounded before the Blues could pull off a miracle comeback.
"That was one of the hardest games I've ever played," Munster told Channel 9 after the triumph. "I'm still trying to catch my breath."
"He's been everywhere, Munster," Queensland great Cameron Smith said on Channel 9.
"What a game. This has had absolutely everything tonight."
Both sides were riddled by injury concerns throughout the contest, while the Blues were thwarted by sloppy defence and handling errors.
Queensland had not won a State of Origin match in New South Wales since 2017.
"We lost it in the period before half-time, and after half-time they came out flying and we did not respond," New South Wales halfback Nathan Cleary conceded.
"We tried to move the ball a bit too much, it's something we have to look at."
Brad Fittler's men will look to equal the series in Perth on Sunday, June 26 for Game II.