Colombia's defeat prevented it from sealing its World Cup berth and it remains second, three points behind Argentina. Colombia is assured of finishing no lower than fifth, as is third-placed Chile, which did not play on Tuesday.
Venezuela won 3-2 at home over Peru, keeping alive its qualification hopes, sitting three points behind fifth-placed Uruguay.
Peru took the lead in the 20th minute through Paolo Hurtado but Salomon Rondon equalized for Venezuela in the 37th.
Cesar Gonzalez gave Venzuela the lead with a 62nd minute penalty, and Romulo Otero made it 3-1 to the hosts in the 77th. Carlos Zambrano pulled a goal back for Peru in the 87th but Venezuela held on for a vital win.
Tuesday's results meant Peru was also eliminated from World Cup calculations, as was Bolivia, which frustrated Ecuador by securing a 1-1 home draw.
South American qualifying now goes into a hiatus for a month, and upon resumption the key games will be Colombia vs. Chile and Ecuador at home against Uruguay.