The night session was just as miserable for the West Indies as the players who shone in Canberra - Gayle and Marlon Samuels - could only muster three runs between them.
Some poor batting options and attacking bowling further reduced the West Indies to 63-7 in the 18th over, before a rearguard action led by Holder (56) helped them to 150.
"Today was just the first off day with bat," the 23-year-old Holder said of the West Indies' first sub-300 total of the tournament. "It was a daunting task to try and chase 408 runs."
The West Indies next game is against India at Perth on Friday, which looms as its last chance to revive its World Cup campaign.
"We still have two games left," Holder said. "We have to deal with India next in Perth, and we're going to be aggressive. We're going to play our normal style of cricket.
"We obviously have periods to improve on in terms of our (late-overs) bowling. I think once we do that we're still a force in the competition."
In further bad news for the West Indies, all-rounder Darren Bravo is set to leave the squad after failing to recover from the hamstring injury he sustained against Pakistan earlier in the tournament.
"Darren Bravo will have to be replaced," the team said in a statement. He "has not recovered quickly enough so the decision has been taken by the selection panel that he needs to be replaced."
Read more:
Cricket World Cup interactive: Run rates - Why batsmen are getting faster
Commentary
Scoreboard
Manhattan/Worm
Wagonwheel
Win probability