It was just the fifth time in test history that England's openers overtook their opposition's total score in the first innings.
England had a lead of 42 runs, with all of its wickets in hand.
"It doesn't get much better than that," Anderson said.
Coming after a demoralizing loss in the second test at Lord's — England was skittled for 120 on Day 5 — which prompted serious questions about all departments of the team, this was just the riposte Joe Root's side needed as it looks to get back into the series from 1-0 down.
All the more so given Root had been forced to go with a pace attack shorn of Jofra Archer, Stuart Broad, Chris Woakes and Mark Wood.
Overton came in for Wood and had figures of 3-14 off 10.4 overs, running through India's tail. The 39-year-old Anderson's were even better -- 3-6 off eight overs to move onto 629 career test wickets -- and it was his early burst that removed KL Rahul (0), Cheteshwar Pujara (1) and Kohli (7) and set the tone for a dominant day.
"When you bowl someone out for less than 100, you're never quite sure whether you have bowled well or the wicket isn't quite as good as you think it might be," Anderson said. "To see both side bat on it and the way they (England's openers) went about their business today, we just feel so calm."
Things couldn't have gone much worse for India, which lost Ravindra Jadeja to an apparent knee injury before the close. The team's fielding was also sloppy, summed up by Rohit Sharma letting an edge go though his grasp at slip and for four as Haseeb — promoted to opener from No. 3 — brought up his third fifty in five matches.
Burns reached his half-century in the next-to-last over, completing an almost perfect day. There was one last ignominy for India, an overthrow for one off the final ball while Mohammed Siraj appealed, in vain, for an lbw.
Kohli barely weighed up whether to review, quickly deciding against it and calling his team off the field. It was as if he couldn't wait to get off.
He might regret his surprising decision to put his side in to bat. After all, it was the first time a captain has elected to not put the opposition in at Headingley in 21 years.
The conditions — a bright sky with some clouds dotted around — weren't obviously in favor of a bowling team but it felt like that the way Anderson ran through the top order with clever and skillful bowling.
Off the fifth ball of the day, Anderson followed up a couple of inswingers with a full-length ball that seamed away, enticing Rahul to go on the drive. Buttler took the nick for the first of five straight catches and Headingley was rocking in its first test match in two years.
Even more so when Pujara defended at an outswinger by Anderson on the first ball of the fifth over and got an edge behind.
Anderson most enjoyed removing Kohli, with the pair having been at the center of some verbal clashes between the teams in the final two days of the second test won by India at Lord's. Kohli attempted a straight drive off a full delivery from Anderson that straightened off a wobbled seam and got the slightest of nicks. Anderson screamed with joy and ran straight to Root to celebrate.
England didn't ease up, with seven of the dismissal being catches behind the wicket.
"You just have to make the most of it while it lasts," Anderson said. "These days don't come around very enough. Be happy when they do."
