By MARTIN JOHNSTON health reporter
A vaccine against the meningococcal disease that has killed or damaged hundreds of people has come a step closer.
Officials have picked their preferred vaccine to fight the country's epidemic of the disease's B-strain and are awaiting approval from Health Minister Annette King.
But health experts say it
could still be two years before the vaccine goes into widespread use, owing to the time needed for its mass production and the need for further trials.
To April 20, there had been 136 cases of the disease this year and five deaths. In the same period last year, there were 90 cases and two deaths and since 1991 it has infected 3687 people, killing 163.
The disease, which leads to brain damage or limb amputation in some survivors, is linked to overcrowding and poverty. It particularly hits young people and Maori and Pacific Islanders.
The most common signs are fever, vomiting, or a rash of purple or red spots anywhere on the body. Patients may also be lethargic and children may refuse drinks or feeds, or cry a lot. Some people may have a headache, a stiff neck or dislike bright lights.
Patients should see a doctor immediately because the disease can be cured by antibiotics if picked up early enough.
Health Ministry spokeswoman Dr Jane O'Hallahan said yesterday that New Zealand had been working with four vaccine makers.
A recommendation on a preferred supplier had been made to Mrs King and talks had started on potential clinical trials and vaccine supply.
The potential suppliers come from Cuba, Norway, the Netherlands and the US.
Professor Diana Lennon, an Auckland paediatrician said the vaccine being considered was one targeted solely at the meningococcal bacterium sub-type, P1.4, which was responsible for most New Zealand cases.
A trial of the chosen vaccine on up to 5000 children and infants would be needed to test its safety.
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