"Unfortunately 90 per cent of our swamplands have been drained to make way for farms and other developments, so our pukeko have taken up the role as scavengers, sometimes picking on crops and foraging alongside motorways.
"Wetlands are incredible bird-magnets so protecting and restoring them is crucial."
The pukeko is thought to have landed on Aotearoa's shores around a thousand years ago from Australia.
In this year's poll, the seventh run by Forest and Bird, a total of 7851 votes were cast.
This is the seventh year Forest & Bird has run the popularity contest. Past winners include the tui, fantail, grey warbler, the kakapo, the kiwi and last year's victor was the kakariki.
This year's Bird of the Year poll results:
1. Pukeko (1480)
2. Kakapo (1068)
3. Hihi (756)
4. Kaka (562)
5. Tui (319)
6. Saddleback (304)
7. Ruru (Morepork) 291
8. Kea (209 )
9. Kokako (188)
10. Fantail (177)