Children who do not receive orthodontic treatment can suffer severe social and emotional harm, according to research by a New Zealand dentist.
In the first scientific study of its type in the world, Dr Lyndie Foster Page looked at how many children in a random sample required orthodontic treatment -and whether they could access it or not.
She conducted the research as part of her Masters thesis in community dentistry at the University of Otago. It has been accepted for publication next month in the prestigious international Journal of Dental Research, and it is the first time this issue had ever been scientifically measured.
The sample of 430 children aged between 12 and 13 years old showed around one third needed orthodontic treatment and that children from lower socio-economic backgrounds and Maori children consistently missed out.
A questionnaire completed by the children found that many suffered constant teasing and avoided smiling or laughing because they hated their appearance. In some cases it caused them profound distress.
The more severe the condition of their teeth, the more anxiety they felt, Foster Page said. "We suspect that impact stays with them into the future."
Access was also an issue, with many rural areas having no orthodontists to treat patients.
Although some families could get funding from Winz, it was discretionary and each area was different, she said.
"There are inequalities and inequities for orthodontic care for New Zealand children and we would like to see some some funding for it. It is not just money it is also access."
Mark Beresford, president of the New Zealand Association of Orthodontists, said orthodontic treatment including braces for children can cost anywhere from $5000 to $7500.
Ministry of Health dental adviser Clive Wright said despite a major review of child oral health in New Zealand which had just been completed, the focus was on basic dental needs and he doubted any funding would be made available for orthodontic treatment for people who couldn't afford it.
