"If someone has grabbed on the arm, if there is sufficient force, the fingers may leave bruising," he explained.
There were some bruises to Millane's thighs and inner legs and a faint bruise to her left calf.
Dating bruises, Stables said, was notoriously difficult but added it was extremely hard to bruise a body post-mortem.
He said Millane's bruising was "probably around the time of death" and the pattern was consistent with "some sort of restraint".
"We can't be exact, it's just impossible," he said of trying to date the injuries.
11.40am
Dr Simon Stables, a forensic pathologist, has started giving evidence.
He said his first involvement in the case was around 8am on December 9 after receiving a call from the police officer in charge of the case Detective Inspector Scott Beard.
Beard said they had likely found a body for a missing woman in the Waitakere Ranges.
When Stables arrived at the scene there was a muddy and dirty suitcase still in the ground, he told the court.
He then watched it be removed from the ground and out of the bush.
Police forensic experts sift through the site where Grace Millane's body was found in the Waitakere Ranges. Photo / Supplied
Stables told the court he conducted a quick examination inside the suitcase, because it was partly open, and confirmed there was a person inside - a young woman.
It was then taken to the mortuary and kept in a locked fridge.
The woman's wrists were then swabbed for DNA before her body was later "very carefully" extracted from the suitcase, Stables said.
A photograph booklet showing Stables' examination was at this stage distributed to the jury.
Justice Simon Moore warned them "for obvious reasons aspects of those photographs are disturbing".
Stables then began describing his examination and said he noticed a bruise on the front left shoulder, partly over the collarbone, of the woman - later identified as Millane.
He told the court the injury occurred before her death.
'It still gives me chills'
11.10am
During the woman's re-examination by Auckland's Crown Solicitor Brian Dickey she said the accused, whom she described as hysterical, had claimed he was the cousin of an All Black.
"He told me he had spent the last All Blacks game watching with the wives and girlfriends.
"I thought it was just odd."
She said the accused - who also claimed he had gang connections - clung to the fact she was adopted and also claimed he had been adopted as a child.
"I didn't want to have to be part of this, share my story with everyone - the public," she said.
"I'm embarrassed that I put myself in such a terrifying or dangerous position, that's the only thing that I'm embarrassed about."
10.55am
"He had my arms pinned down ... It's not a pleasurable thing ... He would have seen me kicking," the woman said, as she again was asked to recall her date with the accused.
"After the struggling after holding me down, yes, I said 'I couldn't breathe'."
The woman said the accused "had both my arms".
However defence lawyer Ron Mansfield asked a series of questions: "Although he wanted you to stay the night he didn't stop you from leaving did he?
Yesterday, she told the court that after being suffocated by the alleged killer during oral sex he made an "almost accusing and quite cold" remark.
"I was gasping, I couldn't breathe properly and he just said to me, 'Oh what's wrong?'
"Almost accusing and quite cold he said, 'Oh you don't think I did that on purpose do you?'"
Mansfield asked: "When you first spoke to the police you put it slightly differently, didn't you?"
The woman agreed she hadn't initially talked to police about the accused's tone but during her testimony has told the court: "Just the way he said it ... it still gives me chills."
The court heard from the woman yesterday that after she matched with the alleged killer on Tinder - as Millane had - she agreed to meet the young man for a drink on November 2 last year.
The then-university student said she finally managed to turn her head slightly and get a sliver of air.
She then feigned unconsciousness, the court heard.
"'Cause then maybe he'd realise something was wrong.
"There were so many thoughts running through my mind ... This can't be the way I die ... I started thinking about my family and my friends. They can't read about this."
"I was gasping, I couldn't breath properly and he just said to me, 'Oh what's wrong?'
"Almost accusing and quite cold he said, 'Oh you don't think I did that on purpose do you?'"
After the incident, the witness said she never wanted to see the 27-year-old man again.
But her text message history led to a lengthy line of questioning under cross-examination by one of the accused's lawyers.
Ron Mansfield read some of the more than 700 messages between the woman and the alleged killer - some of which the well-known lawyer said appeared to show an interest in continuing a relationship.
The messages between the pair continued for several days because, the witness said, she "didn't want to make him angry".
But Mansfield continued and also produced messages from November 8 when the woman asked if the accused was on the social media channel SnapChat.
"Then I could send you pictures throughout the day so you know what I'm up to :)," she said in one message to the alleged killer.
"You think I don't want you but that is totally not true," another read.
The witness admitted she was "leading on" the accused, which included conveying the possibility of a romantic future, but said it was all a lie to instead keep the man at a distance.
Mansfield said: "Did you just want people to not think you were into a guy who was now charged with murder?"
As the courtroom clock moved past 5pm Mansfield said he still had 40 more minutes worth of questions for the witness.
"Oh my God, I'm not coming back!" she cried, burying her head in her hands.