He would have been "very happy" to continue in the role and only applied for the job as dean because some of his colleagues he would have liked to see in the position did not apply.
He believed he would be up to the task.
"I am pleased that there is some confidence that I can do it. It is quite a daunting task, especially in today's environment when the practice and delivery of high-quality healthcare is under so much pressure," he said.
Two of the main areas he would be focusing on were research and the school's relationship with the Southern District Health Board.
"We have certainly seen in the past how awful it can get when it is not working well," he said.
He declined to be specific, but said the relationship had been good under DHB chief executive Carole Heatly.
Having quality research would also be good for both the school and the DHB.
"Good research brings best practice into both the hospital and community for prevention and treatment of poor health."
Taking on the role of dean did not mean he was going to stop raising topical issues.
"We do have some problems ... We do actually have a track record of things getting worse in terms of the gap between the rich and poor," he said.
He would also still spend a day each week on research.
"I wouldn't have taken the job if I didn't have a day a week of research. That is what keeps me motivated day by day."
Division of health sciences pro-vice-chancellor Prof Peter Crampton said Prof Taylor would be able to build the school's "fine reputation" further.
"We are very fortunate to have someone of his calibre taking up the role of dean of the Dunedin School of Medicine," he said.