A total of 28 deaths were registered among joggers during the study, while 128 deaths were seen among inactive non-joggers.
In general, joggers in the study were younger, had a lower blood pressure and body mass index. They were also less likely to smoke or suffer from diabetes.
Lead scientist Dr Peter Schnohr, from Frederiksberg Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, said: "It is important to emphasise that the pace of the slow joggers corresponds to vigorous exercise and strenuous jogging corresponds to very vigorous exercise.
"When performed for decades, this activity level could pose health risks, especially to the cardiovascular system.
"The U-shaped association between jogging and mortality suggests there may be an upper limit for exercise dosing that is optimal for health benefits.
"If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, it may be harmful."
- Independent