One of her shortest stories, A Double Negative, read simply:
At a certain point in her life, she realises it is not so much that she wants to have a child as that she does not want not to have a child, or not to have had a child.
The author has said of her own writing: "I think as long as there's a bit of narrative, or just a situation, I can get away with calling them stories."
Davis, who lives in New York, was announced as the winner at a ceremony at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
Professor Sir Christopher Ricks, chair of the judging panel and a literary critic and scholar, credited Davis with being able to "realise things down to the very word or syllable" and with "vigilance as to everybody's impure motives and illusions of feeling."
Previous recipients of the award have been Albanian author Ismail Kadare, Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe, Canadian Alice Munro and most recently, American author Philip Roth in 2011.
Davis' work includes one novel, The End Of The Story (1995) and seven story collections including Break It Down (1986), Almost No Memory (1997), Samuel Johnson Is Indignant (2002) and Varieties of Disturbance (2007).
- PAA