Forty-seven per cent said the smell of their mother's cooking most reminded them of home, with a wood fire burning nominated by 27 per cent.
Nearly three-quarters of people used air fresheners in homes, with vanilla the most popular scent.
Psychologist Sara Chatwin said people linked smell to associated experiences.
"We often spend our summer breaks at seaside locations making the most of our great beaches, so I think the smell of the sea and beaches remind us of those times."
She said people might be surprised to learn why they liked their homes to smell of vanilla.
"Research has often pointed out the linkages between the scent of vanilla and our early positive memories of our mother's milk nurturing us."
SMELLS LIKE US
Smells that best epitomise New Zealand:
* Sea air at the bach: 53 per cent
* A sheep or dairy farm: 19 per cent
* Fish and chips: 15 per cent
* A hangi cooking: 10 per cent
New Zealand's worst smells:
* Rubbish dumps: 49 per cent
* Freezing works: 28 per cent
* Fish markets: 13 per cent
* Rotorua's geysers, hot pools: 10 per cent