The researchers conducted further genetic analysis of a father and son both suffering from Peyronie's, discovering they shared a set of genes known to predispose people to urological cancers.
"We think this is important because these conditions are largely taken for granted," said Dr Alexander Pastuszak, who led the study.
"While they're significant in the sexual and reproductive life-cycles of these patients, linking them to other disorders suggest that these men should be monitored for development of these disorders disproportionately in contrast to the rest of the population.
"Nobody has made these associations before."
Dr Pastuszak said the condition shared a common molecular pathway with Dupurytren's disease, a hand deformity, and ledderhose disease, a thickening of tissue on the feet.
Emma Shields, from Cancer Research UK, said: "It's not yet fully understood what causes Peyronie's disease and it's possible it shares some similar risk factors to cancer.
"Screening for cancer isn't always beneficial and comes with harms, so it's essential screening programmes are backed by robust evidence."