Queenstown-born UK film industry veteran Tim Bevan is also a producer on Theory, which has five nominations in all, including Best Actor and Best Actress for its leads Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones as well as Best Original Score.
Taranaki-born UK-based McCarten was the driving force for the film, taking years to convince the astrophysicist's first wife, Jane Hawking, that he should adapt her autobiography, Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen for the screen.
Bevan paid tribute to the writer.
"It's particularly great, from our point of view, to see Anthony McCarten recognized for his script because that's where it all began and it was a labour of love."
The novelist-playwright's previous works include co-writing the hit play Ladies' Night and directing his own scripts for the modest NZ movies Via Satellite and Show of Hands.
Read more:
How McCarten brought the Hawking story to the screen.
Among other Kiwis nominated are Weta Digital boss Joe Letteri and his team of Dan Lemmon, Daniel Barrett and Erik Winquist who are up for Best Visual Effects for Dawn of the Planet of the Apes.
It's Letteri's ninth visual effects Academy Award nomination and he's won four before.
The only nomination for Sir Peter Jackson's final Middle-earth film, The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies, is Best Sound Editing going to the film's sound department team of Brent Burge and Jason Canovas.
Lorde, who was up for a Golden Globe this week for her Hunger Games song, Yellow Flicker Beat, missed out on a nod for best original song.