"That said, it certainly does represent real disruption."
"Last time, coming out of lockdown, there had been a rapid bounce-back in activity (including traffic) and sentiment – though both business and household sentiment remained severely dented compared to pre-Covid days.
"The ANZ Business Outlook for August held up remarkably well in the face of the return of Covid, in that the data didn't slip much from the preliminary read, though sentiment and activity indicators in Auckland were understandably weaker than elsewhere. Later today we will release the preliminary data for September.
"The New Zealand economy is demonstrating real resilience, and that's great, but the fact remains that we are still in the 'skirmish' stage of the war against Covid-19.
"The pain from the closed border would take time to filter through due to both the seasonality of tourism and the considerable lag between net migration and its economic impacts," Zollner said.
"And fiscal life support is yet to be pulled."