The industrial park combines South Korean initiative, capital and technology with cheap North Korean labor. It's also a rare source of hard currency for North Korea, though the impoverished country chafes at suggestions that it needs the money Kaesong generates.
North Korea is estimated to have received $80 million in workers' salaries in 2012, an average of $127 a month per person, paid in the U.S. dollars, according to the Unification Ministry in Seoul.
The decade-old industrial park had survived previous periods of tension, including attacks blamed on Pyongyang that killed 50 South Koreans in 2010, and the shutdown of other big cooperation projects. By the end of 2012, South Korean companies had produced a total $2 billion worth of goods during the previous eight years.