The radical gadget, expected to be called the Galaxy X, will have a 7.3-inch flexible OLED screen which folds inwards like a book.
When folded, it will work as a phone, and can be unfolded to operate as a tablet.
According to Korean site ETNews, Samsung will develop the foldable displays by March, manufacture panels in September and start manufacturing the phone itself in November.
This would mean the handset could go on sale in early 2019.
It is believed Samsung is showing off prototype devices at the CES in Las Vegas this week.
Samsung has long been rumoured to be developing a radical folding phone - and it could soon see the light of day, it has been claimed.
A support page for the handset has been spotted online weeks after if was certified by Korean authorities.
The handset has the model number SM-G888N0 - with the NO signifying it will only go on sale in South Korea.
According to Dutch site Lets Go Digital, the Samsung Galaxy X will get a flip-phone design with two displays of which one will be flexible.
"In addition to the Galaxy X foldable smartphone we believe Samsung may also work on a Galaxy foldable tablet," the site says.
Samsung has already announced that it aims to launch a foldable smartphone next year under its Galaxy Note brand.
Koh Dong-jin, president of mobile business at Samsung Electronics, said earlier this year the company is setting its eyes on 2018 to release the "the holy grail" of smartphones with a bendable display.
But he said at the time there are several hurdles it has to overcome, leaving room to push back the release if those problems are not solved.
Dong-jin revealed Samsung's ambitious plans during a media day for Galaxy Note 8 in Seoul today.
Koh Dong-jin, president of Samsung's mobile communications business, shows the Galaxy S8 and S8 Plus during a news conference. Photo / AP
He said: "As the head of the business, I can say our current goal is next year.
"When we can overcome some problems for sure, we will launch the product."
He did not elaborate what the problems are, but analysts said mass-producing a foldable phone with top tech features and a thin body will take time.
When Samsung will release its first foldable phone has been a perennial question in the market since Samsung first showcased a flexible display prototype called Youm in 2013.
For at least the past two years, there have been rumours that Samsung is close to showing off its first smartphones that can be folded.
Dong-jin also said the company is working with auto-systems maker Harman to develop an artificial intelligence-enabled speaker that users can speak to in order to play music and conduct other tasks.
Samsung acquired the Stamford-based company last year as part of its plans to expand in the emerging market for connected cars.
Amazon and Google already have those always-on voice-controlled speakers in the market while Apple's Homepod is due to go on sale later this year.
It is not clear when Samsung's voice-controlled speaker, which will likely use the South Korean company's Bixby voice assistant, will be unveiled.
Dong-jin did not say when it will hit the market.
Samsung's mobile president said market response to the Note 8 beat its expectations even though its price was more expensive than past models and even as the Note brand's reputation took a hit from its previous model, the disgraced Note 7 phone that was recalled twice and discontinued after it spontaneously overheated or caught fire.