Companies and investors are looking to a November ruling party meeting at which leaders are expected to produce a blueprint for future economic reforms.
Li and other leaders have promised changes in China's financial system and more opportunities for entrepreneurs but have yet to release details.
The September price rise was driven by an 18.9 percent jump in the cost of fresh vegetables. Holidays, drought and floods were partly responsible for the increase.
Prices of non-food products rose 1.6 percent.
The inflation figures come after China's exports unexpectedly dropped in September while imports rose.
Producer prices, which measure the cost of goods as they leave the factory, fell 1.3 percent, suggesting weak demand.