NZ growth strong in spite of uncertainty

Border control at Auckland International Airport. Migration and tourism are a key driver of the NZ economy. Photo / File

Opinion

In spite of a backdrop of global uncertainty, the New Zealand economy has enjoyed an extended period of above-trend growth, with domestic GDP growth running at 3.4 per cent in 2016. Whilst this is forecast to slow in 2017, we still expect it to stay strong by both historical and OECD standards.

The key drivers for domestic growth have been well (and often) documented. These include historically high net migration, strong construction activity, tourism and accommodative monetary policy.

Generally speaking, without investment, businesses start to face capacity constraints, which in turn hampers their ability to grow.

With this continued strong GDP growth, there is an expectation that the NZ economy will soon experience an uplift in business investment. This is where the banks have a critical role in providing credit for businesses that will fuel greater business sentiment and the necessary economic impulse.

Recently, however, we are seeing a divergence in banks' deposit growth relative to credit growth. Put more simply, the banks are unable to sufficiently grow their domestic deposit base to fund the requisite credit growth, which puts some significant restrictions on future economic expansion.

Traditionally, banks have funded in offshore markets in order to fill this gap. However, the current cost of overseas funding has put pressure on banks' own margins and hampered the banks' ability to grow their own balance sheets.

In addition, major banks have their own funding pressures in the face of growing capital requirements demanded by the regulators. In a recent speech to the New Zealand Bankers' Association, Reserve Bank Deputy Governor Grant Spencer stated that higher levels of capital for the banks would improve the soundness of the financial system. He did qualify this by suggesting that imposing capital requirements which are too high would provide a further drag for banks and in turn hamper their ability to provide capital for businesses to fund economic growth.

More restricted access to bank funding does have a flow-on effect on growth. If we look at house prices, the recent tightening in LVR restrictions has coincided with a cooling in the Auckland housing market.

We don't expect a tightening in monetary conditions any time soon and believe we have seen the lows in the current inflation cycle. Labour skill shortages should see upward pressure on wage growth but further growth in the domestic economy is going to require access to capital for businesses to drive growth, inflation and productivity in 2017. As always, in business and our personal lives, the banks have a key role to play.

- Mark Fowler is Head of Fixed Income at Hobson Wealth Partners. This article does not consider objectives or situation of any particular investor. It should not be construed as a solicitation to buy or sell any security or product.