Brazil faces worst recession in over a century

The last time Brazil had back-to-back years of recession was 1930 and 1931, and it has never had one as deep as that forecast for 2015 and 2016 combined. Photo / iStock

Brazil's economy will contract more than previously forecast and is heading for the deepest recession since at least 1901 as economic activity and confidence sink amid a political crisis, a survey of analysts shows.

Latin America's largest economy will shrink 2.95 per cent this year, according to the weekly central bank poll of about 100 economists, versus a prior estimate of a 2.81 per cent contraction.

Analysts lowered their 2016 growth forecast for 13 straight weeks and estimate the economy contracted 3.71 per cent last year.

Brazil's policy makers are struggling to control the fastest inflation in 12 years without further hamstringing a weak economy.

Finance Minister Nelson Barbosa, who took the job in December, has faced renewed pressure to moderate austerity proposals aimed at bolstering public accounts and avoiding further credit downgrades.

Impeachment proceedings and an expanding corruption scandal have also been hindering approval of economic policies in Congress.

We're now taking into account a very depressed scenario.

Flavio Serrano, senior economist at Haitong in Sao Paulo

Central bank director Altamir Lopes last month said the institution will adopt necessary policies to bring inflation to its 4.5 per cent target in 2017.

Less than a week later, the head of President Dilma Rousseff's Workers' Party, Rui Falcao, said Brazil should refrain from cutting investments and consider raising its inflation target to avoid higher borrowing costs.

Consumer confidence as measured by the Getulio Vargas Foundation in December reached a record low. Business confidence as measured by the National Industry Confederation fell throughout most of last year, rebounding slightly from a record low in October.

The last time Brazil had back-to-back years of recession was 1930 and 1931, and it has never had one as deep as that forecast for 2015 and 2016 combined, according to data from national economic research institute IPEA that dates back to 1901.