Jon Dumble filming a recent video to mark the 50th anniversary of Skyline Enterprises. Photo/Supplied.
Jon Dumble filming a recent video to mark the 50th anniversary of Skyline Enterprises. Photo/Supplied.
Jon Dumble was the tourism pioneer who helped found Queenstown's iconic Skyline restaurant and gondola more than 50 years ago. He has written this opinion piece, which originally appeared on Crux.
Over the past couple of years, there has been increasing public concern over the effects of over-tourism.I have spent much of my life in various aspects of tourism, both in NZ and the USA, I have travelled extensively in all continents and was a consultant to the government of Bhutan. That government restricts the numbers of tourists in several ways.
There have been massive street protests in Venice, Barcelona, Amsterdam and elsewhere by residents feeling displaced by the numbers of tourists, and the infrastructure is buckling under the pressure. Tourism is now the largest business in the world (greater than oil or automotive industries), with a turnover of €7 trillion a year.
And we know that in New Zealand it has overtaken dairy as the largest earner of overseas funds. Two old sayings are relevant - "It's a bad idea to have all your eggs in one basket", and "You are killing the goose that lays the golden eggs." Queenstown's sister city of Aspen tried to limit the area that could be developed, but the result was a great escalation in property values. The workers in Aspen can't afford to live there, so live down the road in Basalt. It is the same here - many workers here live in Kingston, Cromwell or Glenorchy.
Prof Herman Daly, former senior World Bank economist, said: "Both communism and capitalism have tried to do the impossible - grow forever. Communism failed for various reasons and capitalism is failing now."
There is an eight-page article published by the magazine Der Spiegel of Berlin, which I recommend anyone interested should read. "How tourists are destroying the places they love".
According to the piece, Rome now has a street alcohol ban from July to September, while visitors to Dubrovnik will be restricted to 8000 per day or the city risks being stripped of its UN World Heritage site designation. Might this happen to Milford Sound?
Dumble is concerned about the impact over-tourism may have on regions like Milford Sound. Photo/Getty Images.
A London urban planner says in the article that certain aspects of tourism are a problem - such as the party tourism that is pervasive in many cities, and the unrestrained boom in holiday rentals, such as Airbnb.
These are locally relevant questions. Street alcohol restrictions have been in place in Queenstown for some time - they may have to be increased. Police report that alcohol is the cause of many of the situations they attend.
Look at Austin, the state capital of Texas. As the article explains, "The very places that made Austin so hip are being demolished to make room for the hotels and office spaces needed to accommodate the flood of tourists and newcomers who have come to enjoy what no longer exists."
Fortunately, the scenery that attracts people to Queensland cannot be destroyed, but all the other effects are becoming apparent. Places that we once considered sacrosanct, such as the Ladies Mile, are now available for development. At the AGM of Shaping our Future, the mayor Jim Boult remarked: "There may have to be some controls put in place."
There is another subject that has so far received no attention, and that is the change in the demographic – the global rise of the mega-rich, including Silicon Valley tech billionaires and recent Russian business oligarchs. This is becoming apparent here. The increase in property values has surpassed even Auckland levels, which is partly due to the unlimited funds overseas investors have available.
There is also a website which asks "Where can I hide if the global economy collapses?" and they give the same advice - NZ is number one.
My experiences in the USA introduced me to the mega-rich. Working in Maine at a high-end resort on Mt Desert Island (mostly owned by the Rockefellers, who still have their 60-room mansion there) the guests were elites from Boston, Philadelphia, New York and Washington DC. In Florida it was similar - Gasparilla Island and hotel is mostly owned by the du Ponts. When I left Florida to return to NZ I was a house guest of Andrew Carnegie's grand-daughter in Lexington, Kentucky. Anyone interested may wish to check out the TED talk by multimillionaire Nick Hanauer entitled "Beware fellow plutocrats - the pitchforks are coming".
Read the piece by Joseph Stiglitz - Nobel Economics Laureate in 2001 - "The price of inequality" or Thomas Piketty's book on wealth. Of the financial industry, Stiglitz said "Deregulation of the financial industry was a disaster - when one industry can decide that their interest is more important than the national interest."
Wealth inequality in the USA is greater than in the Gilded Age, or in the Roaring Twenties, and we know what happened after that. Inequality in NZ has escalated greatly since I grew up in a state house in the 1940s. Again I quote Professor Herman Daly - "When people are as rich as that they are virtually a different species. They have no empathy or understanding of the rest of society."
There are those who have properties in several countries, a 300ft yacht and a Lear jet or two. Davos this year had 1500 private jets parked. They are here for a short time, and are not members of the community.
I would stress that this is not a general criticism of plutocrats - there are a number of rich residents - both long term and recent - who have greatly benefited the local community.
