China's aviation regulator ordered Cathay last week to bar employees who support or join demonstrations, which began this spring over a proposed extradition law, from doing any work involving flights to mainland China. The Civil Aviation Administration of China also demanded Cathay hand over details of crew working in mainland Chinese airspace. Hogg, on Monday, said staff could be fired if they "support or participate in illegal protests."
The company has also drawn the ire of Chinese state media, notably the English language Global Times, which has repeatedly admonished it.
John Slosar, chairman of Cathay Pacific, praised Hogg's work over the last three years, but said in a statement that "recent events have called into question Cathay Pacific's commitment to flight safety and security and put our reputation and brand under pressure."
"We therefore think it is time to put a new management team in place who can reset confidence and lead the airline to new heights," Slosar said.
He added, "Cathay Pacific is fully committed to Hong Kong under the principle of 'One Country Two Systems' as enshrined in the Basic Law. We are confident that Hong Kong will have a great future."
Hogg became CEO in May 2017 and his resignation comes two days after the airline fired two pilots who were previously suspended. One was arrested during a protest last month and charged with rioting. The other was found to be misusing company information on a flight from Manchester to Hong Kong on Monday, when Hong Kong International Airport was occupied by thousands of protesters.
Cathay's flight attendants union were among those who backed a general strike earlier this month, bringing transportation networks to a standstill and forcing the cancellation of hundreds of flights. Employees of the airline also signed on to a joint statement along with employees of Hong Kong Airlines, condemning police use of force and repeating protester demands that the police must be independently investigated.
"The strike is not an attempt at industrial action, but rather a cry of outrage at the Hong Kong government," the statement said.
In an interview with The Washington Post earlier this week, pro-democracy lawmaker Charles Mok, who represents the IT sector, cited Cathay as the clearest example of the increased risk that comes for Hong Kong businesses that fall afoul of Beijing.
"You see a lot of pressure coming from China," Mok said. "Many people in the public and in the business community are beginning to tie things together. They see that Beijing is working hand in hand to escalate the pressure on businesses."