Alliance Group had already undertaken extensive trial work with its in-market partner Grand Farm in preparation for the programme.
Silver Fern Farms chief executive Dean Hamilton also described the memorandum as "welcome progress''.
"China is a very significant market for New Zealand's red meat and our second-largest behind the US. The agreement to trial chilled product will open further opportunities over time,'' Mr Hamilton said.
Silver Fern Farms would be working closely with its Chinese customers to build chilled supply chain capability, he said.
Mr Guy said the six-month trial marked very positive progress for New Zealand's work programme to expand market access to China for a range of meat products. It would initially involve 10 meat establishments agreed in conjunction with industry.
Mr McClay reiterated the agreement had the potential to be worth "hundreds of millions of dollars'' for farmers, exporters and the wider economy.
"Part of the Trade Agenda 2030 strategy, launched last week, is to maximise the benefits of our existing trade agreements.
"This memorandum is an important step towards meeting our joint target of $30 billion of two-way with China by 2030,'' he said.
China was New Zealand's second-largest market for beef and sheep exports. New Zealand exported about $1 billion worth of frozen sheep and beef meat in the year to December 2016, a trade that has grown five-fold since 2011.
"With great air links to China, exporters have the opportunity to fill returning planes with chilled meat as demand grows,'' Mr Guy said.
An agreement that would allow China to export retail-ready fresh unpeeled onions to New Zealand had also been signed.
Mr Guy also welcomed the signing of an agreement with China aimed at strengthening co-operation in fisheries, and an agreed list of projects to begin as part of the Agricultural Growth Partnership, which was signed last year.